The effect of Animal-assisted therapy on prosocial behavior and emotional regulation in autistic children with varying verbal abilities: A pilot study.
Kilmer Michele, Hong Minju, Akakpo Victor, Hawley Terria, Randolph Danielle, Huetter Sarah, Reichel Allison, Bowden Madelyn
What this study means for families
This small study looked at how autistic children interact with therapy dogs. Researchers watched children during therapy sessions and found that both talking and non-talking children responded well to the dogs. Children who could talk mostly gave commands to the dogs, while children who didn't talk showed more affection like petting. The results suggest therapy dogs could help all autistic children, no matter their speaking ability.
Summary by AutismInsights from published abstract. This is not a substitute for reading the original paper.
Research summary
This pilot study examined animal-assisted therapy (AAT) with dogs in autistic children, comparing interactions between verbal and nonverbal groups. Researchers analyzed 2,281 interactions during AAT sessions using behavioral observation tools and questionnaires. Both verbal and nonverbal children showed positive interactions with therapy dogs, though interaction styles differed: verbal children primarily used commands while nonverbal children displayed more affectionate behaviors. The study suggests AAT with canines can benefit autistic children regardless of their verbal abilities, though sample size and methodological details were not provided in the abstract.
Summary by AutismInsights from published abstract. This is not a substitute for reading the original paper.
Key findings
- 1
Both verbal and nonverbal autistic children interacted positively with therapy dogs during AAT sessions
Confidence: limitedRelevance: Suggests AAT may be universally applicable across communication abilities - 2
Verbal children primarily used commands while nonverbal children showed more affectionate behaviors with therapy dogs
Confidence: limitedRelevance: Indicates different interaction styles may emerge based on verbal ability, informing individualized AAT approaches
Summary by AutismInsights from published abstract. This is not a substitute for reading the original paper.
Clinical implications
Mental health practitioners may consider incorporating canine-assisted therapy for autistic children regardless of verbal ability. Different interaction patterns suggest the need for tailored AAT approaches: command-based activities for verbal children and affection-focused interactions for nonverbal children.
Summary by AutismInsights from published abstract. This is not a substitute for reading the original paper.
Limitations
This is a pilot study with unreported sample size and unclear methodology. The study design is not specified, convenience sampling was used, and details about intervention duration, control conditions, and outcome longevity are not provided in the abstract.
Summary by AutismInsights from published abstract. This is not a substitute for reading the original paper.
Original abstract
The use of animal-assisted therapy (AAT) has increased in the pediatric autism population. However, studies detailing differences in human-animal interaction between autistic children and animals along with the longevity of reported outcomes associated with AAT need further exploration. The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate these factors. A quantitative research design with convenience sampling was used to categorize pediatric participants into two groups (nonverbal or verbal) based on their verbality.
Two human-animal ethogram and two questionnaires were utilized to assess behavior during and apart from AAT sessions. A total of 2,281 interactions and behaviors occurring during AAT sessions were examined. Both groups interacted well with the canine. The verbal group interacted mostly with commands while the nonverbal group showed more affectionate behaviors.
Mental health practitioners can use canines to enhance therapeutic outcomes in autistic children regardless of the child's verbality.
Evidence Grade
emerging
Grade assigned by AutismInsights based on study type and published abstract.
Study Details
- Journal
- PloS one
- Year
- 2025
- PMID
- 40591694
- DOI
- 10.1371/journal.pone.0326085
MeSH Terms